Rabu, 05 Desember 2012
LAW ASSOCIATIVE, COMMUTATIVE AND DISTRIBUTIVE
Commutative law
"Commutative law" means we can exchange numbers and the answer remains the same for the addition, or multiplication.
a + b = b + aa × b = b × aExample:We can exchange for the sum of: 3 + 6 = 6 + 3
We can exchange for multiplication: 2 × 4 = 4 × 2
Associative law
"Associative law" means that we could classify different order number operations (eg, where are we going to count the first time) to:
(A + b) + c = a + (b + c)addition
or for multiplication:
(A × b) × c = a × (b × c)Example:Following: (2 + 4) + 5 = 6 + 5 = 11The answer is the same: 2 + (4 + 5) = 2 + 9 = 11
Following: (3 × 4) × 5 = 12 × 5 = 60The answer is the same as: 3 × (4 × 5) = 3 × 20 = 60Using:
Sometimes it is easier to add or multiply a different order:How much is 19 + 36 + 4?19 + 36 + 4 = 19 + (36 + 4) = 19 + 40 = 59
Or with a little rearranging:How much is 2 × 16 × 5?2 × 16 × 5 = (2 × 5) × 16 = 10 × 16 = 160
Distributive Law
"Distributive law" is the BEST of all of them, but need to be careful.
This means that we will be able to answer the same for:
add and multiply numbers, or
each separate multiply and add
As follows:
(A + b) × c = a × c + b × c
Example:Following: (2 + 4) = 6 × 5 × 5 = 30The answer is the same: 2 × 5 + 4 × 5 = 10 + 20 = 30
Following: (6-4) × 3 = 2 × 3 = 6The answer is the same: 6 × 3-4 × 3 = 18-12 = 6Using:
Sometimes it is easier to solve difficult multiplication:How much is 204 × 6?204 × 6 = 200 × 6 + 4 × 6 = 1.200 + 24 = 1.224
Or combine:What is 6 × 16 + 4 × 16?6 × 16 + 4 × 16 = (6 +4) × 16 = 10 × 16 = 160
We can also use it for an additional term:Example: 6 × 7 + 2 × 3 × 7 + 7 + 7 + 5 × 4 × 7
6 × 7 + 2 × 3 × 7 + 7 + 7 + 5 × 4 × 7 = (6 +2 +3 +5 +4) × 7 = 20 × 7 = 140ConclusionCommutative law: a + b = b + aa × b = b × aAssociative law: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)(A × b) × c = a × (b × c)Distributive Law: (a + b) × c = a × c + b × c
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